socket.error:[errno 99] cannot assign requested address and namespace in python

Stripping things down to basics this is what you would want to test with:

import socket
server = socket.socket() 
server.bind((10.0.0.1, 6677)) 
server.listen(4) 
client_socket, client_address = server.accept()
print(client_address, has connected)
while True:
    recvieved_data = client_socket.recv(1024)
    print(recvieved_data)

This works assuming a few things:

Your local IP address (on the server) is 10.0.0.1 (This video shows you how)
No other software is listening on port 6677

Also note the basic concept of IP addresses:

Try the following, open the start menu, in the search field type cmd and press enter.
Once the black console opens up type ping www.google.com and this should give you and IP address for google. This address is googles local IP and they bind to that and obviously you can not bind to an IP address owned by google.

With that in mind, you own your own set of IP addresses.
First you have the local IP of the server, but then you have the local IP of your house.
In the below picture 192.168.1.50 is the local IP of the server which you can bind to.
You still own 83.55.102.40 but the problem is that its owned by the Router and not your server. So even if you visit http://whatsmyip.com and that tells you that your IP is 83.55.102.40 that is not the case because it can only see where youre coming from.. and youre accessing your internet from a router.

enter

In order for your friends to access your server (which is bound to 192.168.1.50) you need to forward port 6677 to 192.168.1.50 and this is done in your router.
Assuming you are behind one.

If youre in school theres other dilemmas and routers in the way most likely.

This error will also appear if you try to connect to an exposed port from within a Docker container, when nothing is actively serving the port.

On a host where nothing is listening/bound to that port youd get a No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it error instead when making a request to a local URL that is not served, eg: localhost:5000. However, if you start a container that binds to the port, but there is no server running inside of it actually serving the port, any requests to that port on localhost will result in:

[Errno 99] Cannot assign requested address (if called from within the container), or
[Errno 0] Error (if called from outside of the container).

You can reproduce this error and the behaviour described above as follows:

Start a dummy container (note: this will pull the python image if not found locally):

docker run --name serv1 -p 5000:5000 -dit python

Then for [Errno 0] Error enter a Python console on host, while for [Errno 99] Cannot assign requested address access a Python console on the container by calling:

docker exec -it -u 0 serv1 python

And then in either case call:

import urllib.request
urllib.request.urlopen(https://localhost:5000)

I concluded with treating either of these errors as equivalent to No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it rather than trying to fix their cause – although please advise if thats a bad idea.

Ive spent over a day figuring this one out, given that all resources and answers I could find on the [Errno 99] Cannot assign requested address point in the direction of binding to an occupied port, connecting to an invalid IP, sysctl conflicts, docker network issues, TIME_WAIT being incorrect, and many more things. Therefore I wanted to leave this answer here, despite not being a direct answer to the question at hand, given that it can be a common cause for the error described in this question.

socket.error:[errno 99] cannot assign requested address and namespace in python

Try like this:

server.bind((0.0.0.0, 6677))