python – Converting between datetime, Timestamp and datetime64

python – Converting between datetime, Timestamp and datetime64

You can just use the pd.Timestamp constructor. The following diagram may be useful for this and related questions.

Welcome to hell.

You can just pass a datetime64 object to pandas.Timestamp:

In [16]: Timestamp(numpy.datetime64(2012-05-01T01:00:00.000000))
Out[16]: <Timestamp: 2012-05-01 01:00:00>

I noticed that this doesnt work right though in NumPy 1.6.1:

numpy.datetime64(2012-05-01T01:00:00.000000+0100)

Also, pandas.to_datetime can be used (this is off of the dev version, havent checked v0.9.1):

In [24]: pandas.to_datetime(2012-05-01T01:00:00.000000+0100)
Out[24]: datetime.datetime(2012, 5, 1, 1, 0, tzinfo=tzoffset(None, 3600))

python – Converting between datetime, Timestamp and datetime64

To convert numpy.datetime64 to datetime object that represents time in UTC on numpy-1.8:

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> import numpy as np
>>> dt = datetime.utcnow()
>>> dt
datetime.datetime(2012, 12, 4, 19, 51, 25, 362455)
>>> dt64 = np.datetime64(dt)
>>> ts = (dt64 - np.datetime64(1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)) / np.timedelta64(1, s)
>>> ts
1354650685.3624549
>>> datetime.utcfromtimestamp(ts)
datetime.datetime(2012, 12, 4, 19, 51, 25, 362455)
>>> np.__version__
1.8.0.dev-7b75899

The above example assumes that a naive datetime object is interpreted by np.datetime64 as time in UTC.

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To convert datetime to np.datetime64 and back (numpy-1.6):

>>> np.datetime64(datetime.utcnow()).astype(datetime)
datetime.datetime(2012, 12, 4, 13, 34, 52, 827542)

It works both on a single np.datetime64 object and a numpy array of np.datetime64.

Think of np.datetime64 the same way you would about np.int8, np.int16, etc and apply the same methods to convert between Python objects such as int, datetime and corresponding numpy objects.

Your nasty example works correctly:

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> import numpy 
>>> numpy.datetime64(2002-06-28T01:00:00.000000000+0100).astype(datetime)
datetime.datetime(2002, 6, 28, 0, 0)
>>> numpy.__version__
1.6.2 # current version available via pip install numpy

I can reproduce the long value on numpy-1.8.0 installed as:

pip install git+https://github.com/numpy/numpy.git#egg=numpy-dev

The same example:

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> import numpy
>>> numpy.datetime64(2002-06-28T01:00:00.000000000+0100).astype(datetime)
1025222400000000000L
>>> numpy.__version__
1.8.0.dev-7b75899

It returns long because for numpy.datetime64 type .astype(datetime) is equivalent to .astype(object) that returns Python integer (long) on numpy-1.8.

To get datetime object you could:

>>> dt64.dtype
dtype(<M8[ns])
>>> ns = 1e-9 # number of seconds in a nanosecond
>>> datetime.utcfromtimestamp(dt64.astype(int) * ns)
datetime.datetime(2002, 6, 28, 0, 0)

To get datetime64 that uses seconds directly:

>>> dt64 = numpy.datetime64(2002-06-28T01:00:00.000000000+0100, s)
>>> dt64.dtype
dtype(<M8[s])
>>> datetime.utcfromtimestamp(dt64.astype(int))
datetime.datetime(2002, 6, 28, 0, 0)

The numpy docs say that the datetime API is experimental and may change in future numpy versions.